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"Isomorphism" or "Isomeric ": A Comparative Study on the Attention Distribution of
China's Specialization, Refinement, Differentiation, and Innovation Policies
FAN Xia, LI Chuanju, ZHANG Qiaoling, ZHOU Jingyu
2024, 45(05):
24-40.
As an important institutional tool to optimize the allocation of resources and stabilize the macro-economy,
policy essentially bears and embodies the policy attention and internal governance logic of the main body of
governance in a specific period. In fact, the difference in attention of local specialization, refinement, differentiation, innovation
policies reflects the different value judgments and strategic choices of local governments on the role orientation,
cultivation concept and the focus of local government work. What is the "isomorphism" of local policies under the guidance
of superior policies? What are the differences in the level of attention allocation of specialization, refinement, differentiation,
innovation policies in different places? How is the relationship between isomorphism and isomeric balanced?
What is the logic behind it? Answering these questions scientifically is helpful to further understand the inherent laws and
logic of local government policy actions, and has important theoretical and practical significance for local governments to
formulate differentiated and targeted specialization, refinement, differentiation, innovation strategies and improve the efficiency
of cultivating specialization, refinement, differentiation, innovation enterprises.
Taking China's specialization, refinement, differentiation, innovation policies promulgated in 2011-2021 as a sample,
this research compares the attention distribution structure in local policy-making by using grounded theory, natural language
processing, content analysis and other theoretical methods, and reveals the isomorphism and isomeric characteristics
of attention distribution in policies at the same level, thus providing a new perspective for understanding government decision-making.
The
research findings are as follows: First, the focus of the whole country's attention is the overall goal level - creat-ing an innovative environment; the critical task level - operating management; and the detailed measure level - service system;
Second, the national and local policy attention has strong isomorphism. Under the goal of technology vertical
deepening, Henan, Anhui, Gansu and other places are similar to the national attention distribution, showing the characteristics
of ignoring technology innovation and cooperation; With the goal of horizontal market expansion, Guangdong, Jiangsu,
Fujian and other places have the same distribution of attention as the whole country, showing the characteristics of focusing
on brand building and business management; Under the goal of creating an innovative environment, local governments
have shown the isomorphic characteristics of focusing on organizational security; Third, the policy attention differences
of 29 provinces coexist, and can be divided into three categories according to the differences under the goal of vertical
deepening of technology, namely "emphasis on cooperation and supporting,""emphasis on technological innovation,"
and "emphasis on technological innovation and cooperation and supporting." Under the goal of horizontal expansion of the
market, according to the differences, it can be divided into three categories, namely "emphasis on brand building,""despise
brand building," and "despise business management and brand building." This is also a reflection of the adjustment made
by local governments according to the resource endowment based on implementing the instructions of their superiors.
Based on the above discussion, this research puts forward the following suggestions. First, technological innovation
and cooperative support are the foundation and responsibility of specialization, refinement, differentiation, innovation enterprises.
Although some areas emphasize technological innovation and cooperative support as policy priorities, this goal
needs to be strengthened from the overall level of the country. As the "chain chief " of the main industrial chain, the government
can explore the establishment of a "specialization, refinement, differentiation, innovation" demonstration zone for
small and medium-sized enterprises, form an industrial cluster for small and medium-sized enterprises, attract the vertical
alliance of large enterprises, and help the "chain owners" coordinate the supply relationship of intermediate inputs and important
production factors, so as to realize collaborative innovation among enterprises and collaborative support of the industrial
chain. Second, build a policy response to the development characteristics of "specialization, refinement, differentiation,
innovation" of small and medium-sized enterprises. Specialization, novelty and characteristics of "specialization, refinement,
differentiation, innovation" enterprises are the highlights of their development. Their growth and development
not only need to deepen a single focus field vertically with technical originality as the core, but also need to expand diversified
market application scenarios horizontally through highly open potential, so they can consciously pay attention to the
technological research and development and market expansion needs of enterprises. Third, the policy should gradually
shift to "quasi-"specialization, refinement, differentiation, innovation enterprises. On the one hand, it is necessary to build
a more accurate and effective mechanism to quickly and accurately identify potential specialization, refinement, differentiation,
innovation; On the other hand, expand the scope of gradient cultivation, extend the policy coverage, support "quasi-"specialization,
refinement, differentiation, innovation enterprises to build social networks, link industrial chains, break
through the "ceiling" of resource pools, and help potential small and medium-sized enterprises to cross the key threshold
of "specialization, refinement, differentiation, innovation ".
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